整理/沈杰群 制圖/李晗

行先知后

　　對“知”“行”關系的一種認識。王夫之等人在“知”“行”關系問題上提出了“行先知后”的主張。王夫之承認對人倫日用之道的體認與踐行是相互關聯的，但就先后而言，只有先“行”才能獲得“知”?！靶小笔恰爸钡膩碓?，對“知”起著決定性的作用。能“行”必然對所行之事有所“知”，但能“知”卻未必能“行”。

First Action, Then Knowledge

　　The term represents one interpretation of the relationship between "knowledge" and "action". Regarding the relationship between "knowledge" and "action", Wang Fuzhi and others argued that "action precedes knowledge". Wang acknowledged that an understanding of the principles underlying human relations in everyday life is interrelated with the application of these principles, but in terms of sequence, only through "action" can one obtain "knowledge". "Action" is the source of "knowledge" and has a decisive impact on "knowledge". If one can "act", one inevitably "knows" about one's actions, but the ability to "know" does not necessarily translate into the ability to "act".

引例

　　行焉而后知其艱，非力行焉者不能知也。（王夫之《四書訓義·論語九》）（踐行之后才知道其中的艱難，若沒有努力踐行就不能知曉。）

　　Only after acting can one know the difficulties involved; without efforts to act one cannot know. (Wang Fuzhi: Explicating the Lessons of the Four Books)